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Neuroscience

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Anti PolySialic Acid-NCAM : anti-PSA NCAM AbC0019

I Product Introduction

Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM) and its polysialylated form PSA-NCAM has been found to be involved in various aspects of neural and synaptic plasticity. AbCys mouse antibody to PolySialic Acid NCAM (PSA-NCAM: catalog Number AbC0019) was produced to viable Meningococcus group B (strain 355). AbC0019 reacts with alpha 2-8 linked neuraminic acid (NeuAc-alpha 2-8) n, with n > 10.This polymer is usually termed polysialic acid (PSA). In vertebrates PSA is essentially, if not exclusively linked to NCAM, (CD56), in bacteria it is associated with capsula of meningococcus strain group B.

The monoclonal 2-2B (mouse IgM) can be used for Western Blot, Immunochemistry, Cell sorting, RIA.

Universal : AbC0019 is not species-specific and could be used in various species (including mouse).

Localization of PSA in the adult rat dorsal vagal complex (DVC) (A,B). [1] A) Transverse section of rat caudal medulla showing the distribution of PSA immunolabeling using mouse IgM anti-PSA monoclonal antibody (dilution 1/2000 of the ascitic fluid). (B) Confocal observation of immunofluorescence double-staining with anti-PSA (green) and anti-GAP-43 (red) antibodies showing a punctate distribution of PSA in close apposition with GAP-43 staining in the dorsal vagal complex.

Quantitative analysis of regulation of PSA expression (C,D) [1]:

(C) Enlarged section showing PSA immunoreactivity in the DVC after stimulation of the cervical vagus nerve (15 min, 30 Hz). The arrow shows the stimulated side. (D) Example of a typical western blot showing the expression of PSA in Control and in stimulated adult rat (St) in the DVC and in the Hypoglossal Nucleus (XII). DVC was separated in two halves and immunoreactivity separately detected in each of them. Note the decrease of immunoreactivity on the stimulated side detectable both by immunohistochemistry and immunoblot with the anti-PSA antibody.

Abbreviations :
AP : Area Postrema, ST : Solitary Tract, NST : Nucleus of the Solitary Tract (mNST : medial NST), DMX : Dorsal Motor Nucleus of the Vagus Nerve, XII : Hypoglossal Nucleus.



II - Applications

A Diagnosis Marker for medulloblastoma (neuroblastoma)

PSA-NCAM/PSA-CD56 ELISA:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantitative detection of PSA-NCAM (PSA-CD56).

Polysialic acid (PSA) on NCAM is a carbohydrate modulating homophilic and heterophilic adhesion mediated by NCAM, is also known to be re-expressed in several human tumors, thus can be considered as an oncodevelopmental antigen. Medulloblastomas (MBs) are highly malignant tumors that arise from the cerebellum and occur mainly in children ; they have a high frequency of metastasis through the CSF. At present, the diagnosis of meningeal spread is based both on imaging (computed tomographic scan or magnetic resonance imaging and cytologic examination). Howewer, these techniques sometime fail to detect recurrences.

PSA-NCAM levels can be measured in CSF using a double site enzyme-linked immunoadsorbant assay (ELISA). Below data in 145 samples from 14 controls and 29 patients with MB [15].

Time PSA-NCAM/Cytology PSA-NCAM/Imaging PSA-NCAM/Clinical
1 month after surgery 0.37/ weak 0.89/ excellent 0.43/ average
During treatment 0.82/ excellent 0.62/ good 0.82/ excellent
After treatment 0.72/ excellent 0.54/ average 0.72/ good

Table 1 Agreement Between PSA-NCAM and Cytology, imaging, and Clinical Data at three Time Periods Following Surgery.

PSA-NCAM was never detected in control CSF. PSA-NCAM concentration medians were higher in CSF with metastatic cells or in patients showing abnormal imaging than in the corresponding normal groups (P < .05). The PSA-NCAM concentration median was significantly higher(P < .05) in CSF from patients refractory to treatment or who relapsed than from patients in remission. Agreements between PSA-NCAM and clinical status and between PSA-NCAM and cytology were excellent during and after treatment. The sensitivity of PSA-NCAM test was always better than that of cytology, whereas its specificity was lower for phases that corresponded to more than 1 month following surgery. Specificity was 100% for patients refractory to treatment or with relapse.

Description
Code : AbC0027
Dénomination: PSA-NCAM ELISA
Intended use : The PSA-NCAM ELISA is to be used for the quantitative determination of PSA-NCAM in serum, plasma, cell extract or tissue extract.
Specificity :
recognizes human, rat and mouse polysialylated NCAM (PSA-NCAM/PSA-CD56).
Other species have not been tested, but are likely to be recognized as well.
Range : 0,25 ng/ml - 16 ng/ml
Sensitivity : 0,25 ng/ml
Sample types : serum, plasma, cell extract or tissue extract
Sample size : 100 microliters
Quantity : reagents sufficient for 96 wells

Catalog Number Description Clone Type Quantity. Inf. Data Price Quot.
 AbC0027  PSA-NCAM ELISA (Polysialique-acide NCAM ELISA) Kit  96 wells





III REFERENCES

1. Bouzioukh F, Tell F., Jean A., and Rougon G. (2001) NMDA receptor and NO-synthase activation regulate PSA-NCAM expression in adult brainstem synapses. J. Neuroscience Vol 2 n°3 July 1 pp 4721-4730.
2. Rougon, G., Deagostini-Bazin, H., Hirn, M., and Goridis, C. (1982). Tissue- and developmental stage-specific forms of a neural cell surface antigen linked to differences in glycosylation of a common polypeptide. Embo J 1, 1239-1244.
3. Häyrinen, J., Jennings, H., Raff, H., Rougon, G., Gerardy-Schann, R., Finne, J. (1995): Antibodies to polysialic acid in its N-propyl derivative: binding properties and interaction with human embryonal brain glycopeptides. J. Infectious Diseases. 171: 1481-1490.
4. Rougon, G., Dubois, C., Buckley, N., Magnani, J. L., and Zollinger, W. (1986). A monoclonal antibody against meningococcus group B polysaccharides distinguishes embryonic from adult N-CAM. J Cell Biol 103, 2429-2437.
5. Theodosis, D. T., Rougon, G., and Poulain, D. A. (1991). Retention of embryonic features by an adult neuronal system capable of plasticity: polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88, 5494-5498.
6. Theodosis, D. T., Bonhomme, R., Vitiello, S., Rougon, G., and Poulain, D. A. (1999). Cell surface expression of polysialic acid on NCAM is a prerequisite for activity-dependent morphological neuronal and glial plasticity. J Neurosci 19, 10228-10236.
7. Figarella-Branger, D., Dubois, C., Chauvin, P., De Victor, B., Gentet, J. C., and Rougon, G. (1996). Correlation between polysialic-neural cell adhesion molecule levels in CSF and medulloblastoma outcomes. J Clin Oncol 14, 2066-2072.
8. Ben-Hur, T., Rogister, B., Murray, K., Rougon, G., and Dubois-Dalcq, M. (1998) Growth and Fate of PSA-NCAM+ Precursors of the Postnatal Brain J. Neurosci. 18: 5777-5788.
9. Trouillas J, Daniel L, Guigard MP, Tong S, Gouvernet J, Jouanneau E, Jan M, Perrin G, Fischer G, Tabarin A, Rougon G, Figarella-Branger D. Polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecules expressed in human pituitary tumors and related to extrasellar invasion. J Neurosurg. 2003 May;98(5):1084-93.
10. Poongodi GL, Suresh N, Gopinath SC, Chang T, Inoue S, Inoue Y. Dynamic change of neural cell adhesion molecule polysialylation on human neuroblastoma (IMR-32) and rat pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells during growth and differentiation. J Biol Chem. 2002 Aug 2;277(31):28200-11. Epub 2002 May 21.
11. Daniel L, Durbec P, Gautherot E, Rouvier E, Rougon G, Figarella-Bran ger D. A nude mice model of human rhabdomyosarcoma lung metastases for evaluating the role of polysialic acids in the metastatic process. Oncogene. 2001 Feb 22;20(8):997-1004.
12. Mayanil CS, George D, Mania-Farnell B, Bremer CL, McLone DG, Bremer EG. Overexpression of murine Pax3 increases NCAM polysialylation in a human medulloblastoma cell line. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jul 28;275(30):23259-66.
13. Daniel L, Trouillas J, Renaud W, Chevallier P, Gouvernet J, Rougon G, Figarella-Branger D. Polysialylated-neural cell adhesion molecule expression in rat pituitary transplantable tumors (spontaneous mammotropic transplantable tumor in Wistar-Furth rats) is related to growth rate and malignancy. Cancer Res. 2000 Jan 1;60(1):80-5.
14. Kameda K, Shimada H, Ishikawa T, Takimoto A, Momiyama N, Hasegawa S, Misuta K, Nakano A, Nagashima Y, Ichikawa Y. Expression of highly polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule in pancreatic cancer neural invasive lesion. Cancer Lett. 1999 Apr 1;137(2):201-7.
15. Dubois C, Figarella-Branger D, Rougon G, Rampini C. [Polysialylated NCAM in CSF, a marker for invasive medulloblastoma] C R Seances Soc Biol Fil. 1998;192(2):289-96. French.
16. Gluer S, Zense M, Radtke E, von Schweinitz D. Polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule in childhood ganglioneuroma and neuroblastoma of different histological grade and clinical stage. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 1998 Oct;383(5):340-4.
17. Gluer S, Schelp C, Gerardy-Schahn R, von Schweinitz D. Polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule as a marker for differential diagnosis in pediatric tumors. J Pediatr Surg. 1998 Oct;33(10):1516-20.
18. Dubois C, Okandze A, Figarella-Branger D, Rampini C, Rougon G. A monoclonal antibody against Meningococcus group B polysaccharides used to immunocapture and quantify polysialylated NCAM in tissues and biological fluids. J Immunol Methods. 1995 Apr 12;181(1):125-35.
19. Chirisse Taylor, Ashwana D. Fricker, Lakshmi A. Devi, Ivone Gomes Mechanisms of action of antidepressants: from neurotransmitter systems to signaling pathways. Cell Signal. 2005 May;17(5):549-57.
20. Banasr M, Hery M, Brezun JM, Daszuta A. Serotonin mediates oestrogen stimulation of cell proliferation in the adult dentate gyrus. Eur J Neurosci. 2001 Nov;14(9):1417-24.
21. Banasr M, Hery M, Printemps R, Daszuta A. otonin-induced increases in adult cell proliferation and neurogenesis are mediated through different and common 5-HT receptor subtypes in the dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2004 Mar;29(3):450-60.
22. Djoher Nora Abrous, Walter Adriani, Marie Franēoise Montaron, Catherin Aurousseau, Genevičve Rougon, Michel Le Moal, Pier Vincenzo Piazza Nicotine Self-Administration Impairs Hippocampal Plasticity. The Journal of Neuroscience, May 1. 2002, 22 (9): 3656-3662

Your contact :
Manuel SACHA (Product Manager)




Please find below additional products for a successful use of our PSA-NCAM,

Revelation systems:
Vectastain ABC Kit (Mouse IgM)
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Complementary secondary antibodies:
Anti-mouse IgM unconjugated
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Anti-mouse IgM labelled FITC
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Anti-mouse IgM labelled Texas Red
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Enzyme Substrate Kits:
DAB Substrate Kit (3,3'-diaminobenzidine)
Catalog Number Description Clone Type Quantity. Inf. Data Price Quot.
 SK-4100  Peroxidase Substrate Kit (DAB) Rr  300 ml after dil.

TMB Substrate Kit (3,3', 5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine)
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 SK-4400  Peroxidase Substrate Kit (TMB) Rr  300 ml after dil.

4-CN Substrate Kit (4-chloro-1-naphtol)
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 SK-4300  Peroxidase Substrate Kit (4-CN) Rr  300 ml after dil.

ABTS Substrate Kit (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)
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Endoneuraminidase-N (Endo-N)

Endo-N  is an endosialidase which degrades rapidly and specifically linear polymers of sialic acid with a-2,8-linkage with a minimum length of 7-9 residues characteristic of sialic acid residues associated with NCAM

Applications :

- cleavage of PSA on NCAM in physiological conditions.
- the preparation is not toxic and can be used on live cultured cells
- can be used on tissue slices or
- for in vivo injections

Catalog Number Description Clone Type Quantity. Inf. Data Price Quot.
 AbC0020  Endo-N (Endoneuraminidase-N) Ag  50 µl (35 U)






New AbCys phospho specific antibodies for neurosciences

Detection and quantitation of changes in the state of phosphorylation of specific proteins is of great utility in the quest to establish the function of a given protein and the consequences of its reversible phosphorylation. Phospho-specific antibodies are one of the key tools for the study of phosphoproteins as they recognize the protein only when it is in the activated or phosphorylated state.

The new AbCys antibodies AbCpsp and AbCps are focused on phosphoproteins, which are a small subset (10-20%) of proteomics. Phosphoproteins are the key, functionally regulated proteins in the proteome. This subset of proteins is known as the phosphosome. Phosphoproteins are thought to be critical elements in neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's and in cancer. In essence, the phosphosome is the cream of the proteomics crop.

3 antibodies possibilities


Ophtalmology

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Monoclonal antibody Anti-ARRESTIN code AbC-Mi01
Catalog Number Description Clone Type Quantity. Inf. Data Price Quot.
 AbC-Mi01  ARRESTIN S8d8 Mc  250 µl
Arrestin (S-antigen) :

Proteins of arrestin family contribute to the regulation of G-protein mediated signal transduction in number of tissues, possibly by desensitization of the appropriate receptor(s). The role of arrestin in mediating receptor desensitization has been most extensively studied using visual arrestin (retinal S-antigen). S-antigen is a retinal protein whose initial discovery was a result of its auto antigenicity which provoked auto immune uveoretinaitis and pinealitis in laboratory animals 1,2,It was subsequently identified as a 48 kDa protein3 and given the name arrestin because of its ability to bind the photoactivated and phosphorylated rhodopsin, thereby arresting signal transduction in retinal rod4,5. Structure and function of arrestin were also reported 6,7,8. Immunohistochemistry , using monoclonal antibodies to arrestin (S-antigen) demonstrated its location in photoreceptors in all vertebrate class and several invertebrate9 phyla and in the pineal organ of all tested vertebrates 10. The apparent molecular weight of arrestin is identical in different mammales. Values from 43 to 55 kDa were found depending on the technique used 11,12. Molecular weight calculated from amino acid sequences is 45kDa for 403-405 amino-acids in arrestin from for mammals. The number of residue is 403 in mouse and rat, 404 in cow and 405 in man. Sequence identity is 97% between mouse and rat, 81 % between bovine and human, 84 % between murin and human. In the rat, amino acid sequence of retinal and pineal arrestin are identical.

M Mirshahi - INSERM U 736
University of Medecine Paris VI

Catalog Number Description Clone Type Quantity. Inf. Data Price Quot.
 AbC-Mi01  ARRESTIN S8d8 Mc  250 µl


Quantity: 250 µl
Specifity : reacts to visual arrestin (S-antigen), in a wide number of species (humans, other vertebrates , Amphioxus, nemerteans, annelidés, molluscs)
Immunogen : bovine Arrestin (S-antigen)
host : Mouse
Clone : S8D8
Uses :
  • Immunocyto/histochimestry ; 1/500, paraffin and frozen sections.
  • Western blotting ; 1/500 1/1000 (NB final dilution to be set up by the user)
Format : ascites in PBS, 0,002% Sodium methiolate
Storage: for long storage periods maintain aliquots at - 20°C


Fig -1 Lymphocyte infiltration of retin (A) and of pineal gland " épiphyse " (B) in lewis rats immunized with bovine S-antigen (Arrestin) , observed 10 days after immunisation (HES coloration ).

The monoclonal antibody S8D8 is an IgG2a immunoglobulin, with kappa light chain, It recognizes an 11 aminoacid sequence corresponding to the sequence 40-50 of bovine arrestin.

Monoclonal antiboy anti arrestin:

Monoclonal antibody S8D8 has been obtained through hybridoma production .
These hybridomas was produced by fusion of spleen cells from BALB/C mouse immunized with antigen S-1 of bovine retina.
The selection of hybridomas has been effected in analyzing supernatants through ELISA technique with coated plates with antigen S-1.
After clonage the idiotype of the clone has been determined.
So that to identify the epitopes recognized by the antibody within the arrestin's amino acids sequence, a whole series of methods have been used:

  • 1- ELISA and Western Blot analysis of the reactivity of the different antibodies to degradation residues pf bovine antigen-S obtained through chymotrypsin digestion and HPLC separation.
  • 2- Western Blot analysis of these antibodies reactivity on the peptides obtained after antigen S-1 degradation through CNBr. Peptides's localization in the protein had previously bee determined by D. Gregerson of Minnesota university.
  • 3- ELISA analysis of the antibodies reactivity on 40 synthetic peptides from human S antigen (20 amino acids each, shifted by 10 residues one in relation to the other. The total of these synthetic peptides represent the complete sequence of the human antigen S (405 amino-acids)
  • 4- Pepscan technique has been used for some antibodies , to allow a more precise localization. This method consists in synthesizing all successive heptapeptides of the antigen shifted by one or two amino acids. on polyethylene tips.. reactivity through of these peptides with the antibodies is analyzed.
Arrestin Immuno-détection with the monoclonal antibody - clone S8D8 :

The monoclonal antibody (cloneS8D8 has been used to reveal arrestin through immunohistochemistry on vertebrates eye tissue sections and on photoreceptors of some invertebrates.(Fig 2)
F-2 : Photoreceptors positively labelled in immunofluorescence in human retin (a), Amphioxus (b) and Nereis (c) with the monoclonal antibody against bovine arrestin S8D8

Arrestin has been observed not only on rod cells but on cones in using the monoclonal antibody S8D8 on histoimmunological surveys. This antibody has also been used to detect arrestin in the pineal gland and pineal complex of several animal species- Fig 3 and 4
Fig-3 : Pineal gland mouse cells positively labelled in immunoperoxydase with a monoclonal antiboy anti arrestin
Fig-4 : Frog pineal complex cells positively labelled in immunofluorescence with a monoclonal antibody anti arrestin

Light induced translocation of arrestin immunoreactivity in vertebrate photoreceptors : The subcellular localization of S-antigen (arrestin), In normal retinas, the topography of arrestin immunoreactivity in photoreceptor cells varied according to the lighting environment of the animals. In dark-adapted eyes, outer segments did not display any arrestin immunoreactivity while the inner segments, cell bodies and synaptic terminals were strongly labeled. A few minutes after light exposure, there was an inversion of the pattern of labeling: the label increased in the outer segment but was strongly reduced in the other compartments. After 1 h of light, S-antigen immunoreactivity remained only in outer segments and in a few synaptic terminals. The kinetics of this change is slower in cone than in rod cells, and thus allows the transient visualization of the scarce cone photoreceptors. The arrestin shift phenomenon occurred in the non-dystrophic strains, but was not observed in RCS rdy-p+ rats, after light exposure, the intracellular distribution of arrestin remained the same as in the dark. (Mirshahi M, et al. Light-induced changes in S-antigen (arrestin) localization in retinal photoreceptors: differences between rods and cones and defective process in RCS rat retinal dystrophy. Eur J Cell Biol. 1994 Feb;63(1):61-7.)

Fish pineal gland (pike) positively labelled in immunofluorescence with a monoclonal antibody anti arrestin

Publications
  • 1: Merodio M, Irache JM, Valamanesh F, Mirshahi M. Ocular disposition and tolerance of ganciclovir-loaded albumin nanoparticles after intravitreal injection in rats.Biomaterials. 2002 Apr;23(7):1587-94. PMID: 11922464 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
  • 2: Nicolas C, Ghedira I, Stiemer R, Teufel B, Hecquet C, Faure JP, Mirshahi M. Identification of visual arrestin (S-antigen) in retinal pigmented epithelialcells.Curr Eye Res. 2000 Sep;21(3):677-83. PMID: 11120555 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
  • 3: Nicolas-Leveque C, Ghedira I, Faure JP, Mirshahi M. Beta-arrestin-related proteins in ocular tissues. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1999 Jul;40(8):1812-8. PMID: 10393053 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
  • 4: Mirshahi M, Camoin L, Nicolas C, Ghedira I, Cozette J, Faure JP. Co-purification of selected glycolytic enzymes with retinal S-antigen (arrestin)by hydroxyapatite agarose chromatography of bovine retina.Curr Eye Res. 1999 May;18(5):327-34. PMID: 10372993 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
  • 5: Razaghi A, Bonaly J, Chacun H, Faure JP, Mirshahi M, Barque Immunodetection of a protein related to mammalian arrestin in Euglena gracilis.Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Apr 28;233(3):601-5. PMID: 9168897 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
  • 6: Nato A, Mirshahi A, Tichtinsky G, Mirshahi M, Faure JP, Lavergne D, DeBuyser J, Jean C, Ducreux G, Henry Y. Immunological detection of potential signal-transduction proteins expressed during wheat somatic tissue culture.Plant Physiol. 1997 Mar;113(3):801-7. PMID: 9085574 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
  • 7: Mirshahi M, Thillaye B, Tarraf M, de Kozak Y, Faure JP. Light-induced changes in S-antigen (arrestin) localization in retinal photoreceptors: differences between rods and cones and defective process in RCS rat retinal dystrophy. Eur J Cell Biol. 1994 Feb;63(1):61-7. PMID: 8005106 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
  • 8: Stiemer RH, Gausepohl H, Mirshahi M, de Kozak Y, Kraft M, Faure JP, FrankRW. Immunological characterization of an immunomodulatory epitope inS-antigen/arrestin with a sequence motif common to tumor necrosis factor alpha. Immunol Lett. 1992 May;32(3):233-40. PMID: 1379981 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
  • 9: de Kozak Y, Mirshahi M, Boucheix C, Faure JP. Inhibition of S-antigen-induced experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis by active immunization against anti-idiotypic antibody to an S-antigen epitope.Reg Immunol. 1992 May-Jun;4(3):168-74.
  • 10: Stiemer RH, Westenfelder U, Gausepohl H, Mirshahi M, Gundt A, Frank RW,Mannel DN. A common epitope on human tumor necrosis factor alpha and the autoantigen'S-antigen/arrestin' induces TNF-alpha production.J Autoimmun. 1992 Feb;5(1):15-26.PMID: 1373060 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
  • 11: Stiemer RH, Westenfelder U, de Kozak Y, Gausepohl H, Mirshahi M, Frank RW,Faure JP, Mannel DN. Cytokine induction by immunomodulatory epitopes in S-antigen and tumor necrosis factor alpha.Curr Eye Res. 1992;11 Suppl:197-202. Review. PMID: 1385043 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
  • 12: de Kozak Y, Stiemer RH, Mirshahi M, Frank RW, de Smet M, Faure JP. Humoral immune response against the S-antigen/TNF alpha common epitope in rat EAU suppressed by the monoclonal antibody S2D2.Curr Eye Res. 1992;11 Suppl:119-27. PMID: 1385041 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
  • 13: Mirshahi M, Razaghi A, Vandewalle A, Cluzeaud F, Tarraf M, Faure JP. Immunodetection and localization of protein(s) related to retinal S-antigen (arrestin) in kidney.Biol Cell. 1992;76(2):175-84. (MID: 1300198 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
  • 14: Mirshahi M, Razaghi A, Mirshahi SS, Van Tuyen V, Faure JP. Immunopurification of an S-antigen-like protein from human platelets.Thromb Res. 1991 Dec 1;64(5):551-8. PMID: 1808760 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
  • 15: Mirshahi M, de Kozak Y, Tarraf M, Razaghi A, Thillaye B, Faure JP. Early disappearance of alpha-transducin in light-induced photoreceptor degeneration in albino rats.Curr Eye Res. 1991 Nov;10(11):993-1000. PMID: 1782808 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
  • 16: Mirshahi M, Nato A, Razaghi A, Mirshahi A, Faure JP. [Presence of arrestin (S-antigen)-like proteins in vegetable cells]C R Acad Sci III. 1991;312(9):441-8. French. PMID: 1905970 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
  • 17: Mirshahi M, Boucheix C, Collenot G, Thillaye B, Faure JP. Retinal S-antigen epitopes in vertebrate and invertabrate photoreceptors.Invest Ophtalmol Vis Sci. 1985 Jul ;26(7) : 1016-21
  • 18: Mirshahi M, Faure JP, Brisson P, Falcon J, Guerlotte J, Collin J.S-antigen immunoreactivity in retinal rods and cones and pineal photosensitive. Bio cell . 1984;52(2):195-8



Lowest prices

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AbCys proposes top-quality products at very low prices:


anti-Mouse N-CAM/CD56 Cat# AbC0022
Catalog Number Description Clone Type Quantity. Inf. Data Price Quot.
 AbC0022  N-CAM (CD 56, NK Cells, neurales, NKH-1) H28 Mc  100 µg

Applications : Western Blot, dot blot, immunocytochemistry

Recombinant Rodent F3-Fc (Contactin-1-Fc) Cat# AbC0023
Catalog Number Description Clone Type Quantity. Inf. Data Price Quot.
 AbC0023  F3-Fc (Contactin-1-Fc) Ag  10 µg

QUANTITY: 10µg SOURCE: Mouse F3 coding sequence fused to the human IgG1 sequence

Recombinant Rat Tag-1-Fc (Contactin-2-Fc) Cat# AbC0024
Catalog Number Description Clone Type Quantity. Inf. Data Price Quot.
 AbC0024  Tag-1-Fc (Contactin-2-Fc) Ag  10 µg

QUANTITY: 10µg SOURCE: Mouse TAG1 coding sequence fused to human IgG1

Recombinant Human NCAM-Fc/CD56-Fc Cat# AbC0025
Catalog Number Description Clone Type Quantity. Inf. Data Price Quot.
 AbC0025  NCAM-Fc/CD56-Fc Ag  10 µg

QUANTITY: 10 µg SOURCE: Mouse NCAM extracellular domain fused to human IgG1

Anti-Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM/CD56) Polyclonal Antibody Cat# AbC0026
Catalog Number Description Clone Type Quantity. Inf. Data Price Quot.
 AbC0026  NCAM Pc  200µl

QUANTITY: 200 µl Host: Goat
APPLICATIONS: Western blot, Immunohistochemistry, ELISA, Optimal working dilutions must be determined by end user.
SPECIES REACTIVITY: Human, Mouse, Rat. Reactivity with other species has not been confirmed.


AbCys guarantee the quality of these products