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Immunology > Cancer
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Anti detyrosinated tubulin
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New Product available from AbCys :
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Anti detyrosinated tubulin antibodies
Tubulin's modifications and cancer genesis
Tubulin is a dimeric protein of the microtubules, involved in the cell division. It is subject to post-transnational modifications including a detyrosination/tyrosination cycle illustrated in the here-under picture.
This cycle affects the tubulin's alpha-subunit and involves two enzymes : the Tubulin-Tyrosin ligase (T.T.L.) and the Tubulin carboxy-peptidase (T.C.P.).
Two forms of tubulin are generated : tyrosinated tubulin (tyr-tubulin) and the detyrosinated tubulin (glu-tubulin)
A third form Delta2-tubulin arises from the deletion of a glu residue within the alpha-subunit.
In normal tissues, tyrosinated form is the predominant form while, in most cases, glu-tubulin and Delta2-tubulin are a marker of tumor genesis.
Studies with nude mice have shown that tumor's growth correlates with the abnormal accumulation of detyrosinated tubulin.
As a matter of fact, the abnormal presence of large quantities of tyrosinated tubulin is a result from a lack of tyrosine ligase activity and constitutes a strong selective advantage for cancer cells.
These results allowed Mrs Lafanechčre senior scientist within the laboratory headed by Didier Job at the CEA (atomic energy commission) of Grenoble to develop two specific antibodies again the glu-tubulin and the Delta2-tubulin.
These antibodies have been used to investigate the breast's cancer development in 134 patients in collaboration with the "Centre anti-Cancereux Léon Bérard" in Lyon. The results of this study have been published (1).
Briefly, the seriousness of breast cancer is determined by the SBR grade (Scarf Bloom Richardson) which depends upon 3 histological parameters : nuclear pleimorphism, mitotic score and tubular differentiation.
It shows three levels : SBR grade 1, characterizing benign tumors , SBR2 for bad prognosis, DBR 3 for very bad prognosis.
For all cases investigated, 53% of the tumors presented an accumulation of detyrosinated tubulin, with a predominance of this form in 19,6% of vases; Moreover 65,4% of the class 3 SBR tumors were positive in detyrosinated tubulin compared with 3.8 % in the class 1 SBR tumors.
Although clinicians acknowledge the absence of ambiguity regarding the classification of the 1st and 3rd SBR index classes, identification of the class 2 (which are the more numerous) is more difficult, some of them being almost of the class 1 and the others of the class 3.
The degree of detyrosination of tubulin, showed with the anti Glu-tubulin and Delta2-tubulin antibodies would allow a more accurate classification of the SBR class 2 tumors, and allow consequently a more appropriate cancer treatment.
Les antibodies we propose are respectively specific to the Glu et Delta2 form of tubulin. They are rabbit polyclonal antibodies, affinity purified. They can be used in Immunohistochemistry with paraffin embedded sections, Immunoprecipitation and Western Blot.
Besides the breast cancers, these antibodies can be used as markers for the majority of cancers: lung, colon, melanoma.
Cellular biology : cell differentiation
Delta2-tubulin : a specific marker of neurons.
The specific antibody again Delta2-tubulin labels specifically the neurons in nervous tissues. (In normal tissues the Delta2-tubulin form can only be detected within neurons and glial cells).
This antibody opens new opportunities in the investigation in primary neurons, neurogenesis, cell differentiation (2)
(1) : Cancer Res, 2001, 61, 5024-5027
(2) : J.Cell Sci., 1994,107, 1529-1543
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| Catalog Number |
Description |
Clone |
Type |
Quantity. |
Inf. |
Data |
Price |
Quot. |
| AbC0102 |
Delta2-tubulin
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Pc |
100 µg |
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Our catalogue includes more than 2000 references, with a large choice of Antibodies, Antigens and kits in many fields of Cancer Research.
Here, a selection of our principal products :
(Ag: Antigen, Mc: Monoclonal, Pc : polyclonal)
Normal cell growth and proliferation is dependant upon activation of biochemical pathways through receptors on the cell membrane. Growth factor interaction with cell surface receptors stimulates a signaling cascade that promotes cell proliferation. Oncogene mutation results in erroneous oncoprotein expression causing signaling pathways to be continuously active when they should otherwise be still. The lack of important regulatory elements results in the promotion of uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation.
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| Catalog Number |
Description |
Clone |
Type |
Quantity. |
Inf. |
Data |
Price |
Quot. |
| VMA1282 |
c-erbB-2 [HER-2; neu], clone CB11 (Hu)
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CB11 |
Mc |
200 µl |
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| VMA3291 |
H-Ras, clone 7D7.2 (Hu, Ms, Rt)
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7D7.2 |
Mc |
100 µg |
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| 0023-3103 |
Anti-Rb Protein
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7F12 |
Mc |
100µg |
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An enzyme composed of RNA and protein components which prevents the shortening of telomeres - the stabilizing caps on the ends of chromosomes. Telomeres shorten whenever a cell divides; when the telomeres become very small, the cell stops dividing. Telomerase is present in cells which are rapidly dividing, such as in embryos and tumors.
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| Catalog Number |
Description |
Clone |
Type |
Quantity. |
Inf. |
Data |
Price |
Quot. |
| AbC117-7747 |
TELOMERASE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE (TRT/TERT)
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Pc |
100µg |
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| AS7750 |
TRAPeze® ELISA Telomerase Detection Kit
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Kit |
96 reactions |
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Angiogenesis, Urokinase and Matrix Metalloproteinases :
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Urokinase-type plasminogen activator is a serine protease which has been implicated in a number of physiological and pathological processes, including tissue remodelling, angiogenesis, fibrinolysis, and tumor spread. UPA has been shown to play a role in basement degradation, via cascade involving activation of plasminogen and the matrix metalloproteinases.
MMPs are a family of zinc dependant endoproteinases that have well characterized domain structures. They have been implicated in a number of pathologies and normal biological process including : tumor angiogenesis, arthritis, periodontal disease, cardiovascular disease, emphysema, normal development, embryonic development, wound healing, hair follicle cycling, and nerve growth.
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| Catalog Number |
Description |
Clone |
Type |
Quantity. |
Inf. |
Data |
Price |
Quot. |
| VPA3120 |
Angiopoietin-1 [Ang-1], N-terminus
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Pc |
50 µg |
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| AbC117-820 |
Cathepsin D
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C5 |
Mc |
200 µl |
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| VMA13420 |
MMP-9 [Gelatinase B; 92 kDa Type IV Collagenase], clone ID4 (Rt)
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ID4 |
Mc |
100 µg |
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| Tumor Marker |
Application |
 alpha foetoprotein |
liver, testicle |
| calcitonin |
thyroid (medullar cancer) |
| beta hCG |
testicle, placenta |
| CA.15-3 |
breast |
| CA 125 |
ovary |
| CA 19-9 |
pancreas, stomach |
| ACE (Angiotensin-converting enzyme) |
Breast, lung |
| Cyfra 21-1 |
lung |
| BRCA1 et BRCA2 |
Ovary, breast |
| TPA |
lung |
| NSE (neuron-specific gamma-enolase) |
cancers neuro-endocrine of several bodies |
| Chromogranin A |
cancers neuro-endocrine of several bodies |
| thyroglobulin |
thyroid |
| PSA (Prostate specific antigen ) |
prostate |
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| Catalog Number |
Description |
Clone |
Type |
Quantity. |
Inf. |
Data |
Price |
Quot. |
| AbC117-1431 |
alpha-1-Foetoprotein (AFP)
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219/2 |
Mc |
1 mg |
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| AbC117-7513 |
Bromodeoxyuridine BRDU (MAS250P)
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BU1/75(ICR1) |
Mc |
500 µg |
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| AAG11P |
Carcinoembryonic Antigen [CEA]
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Ag |
100 µg |
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| MPA |
Prostate Specific Antigen
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ER-PR8 |
Mc |
1 ml |
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One of the main causes of failure in the treatment of cancer is the development of drug resistance by the cancer cells. This is a very serious problem that may lead to recurrence of disease or even death. This section is intended to introduce some of the main ways in which cancer cells can resist treatments.
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| Catalog Number |
Description |
Clone |
Type |
Quantity. |
Inf. |
Data |
Price |
Quot. |
| VMA4126 |
LRP [Lung resistance-related protein; MVP; Major vault protein], clone LRP-56 (Hu)
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LRP-56 |
Mc |
100 µg |
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| VMA4148 |
MRP2 [cMOAT], clone M2 I-4 (Hu)
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M2 I-4 |
Mc |
100 µg |
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